Why You need a Home Server #
We’ve all been there before. You know, where you can’t find a file to save your life? You know that it’s probably on this computer or that external drive somewhere.
The average person has at least 2 devices. I would hazard to guess you have more like 4 or 5.
Think about it:
You’ve got your phone (or phones in the case of my business folk). You’ve got a laptop (I doubt you’ve fallen for the meme that an iPad can be a computer.) You’ve got perhaps a desktop or console. You’ve got maybe a tablet. Perhaps a television.
Now consider that your spouse, significant other, family members, or roomate has devices, too.
You’re probably in the dozens. Just thinking about my own network, I have:
- Two laptops
- A desktop
- Two Phones
- a Tablet
- a Smart TV
- a Raspberry Pi running Pihole
- Girlfriend has 3 devices
It would be pointless for me to have movies, files, music, and configurations spread across everything. I need a place to go that I can know where everything is. Cue the Home server.
You build one machine that’s sole purpose is to ‘serve’ your media and files to you in a way that is easy to access, always on, and supports redundancy. This can be anything from a repurposed machine you may already have sitting around (There’s tutorials about using old laptops connected to external drives as file servers) all the way to building a dedicated rack that makes r/Homelabs jealous.
There’s no cut and dry solution, just that you need a few key things.
as a disclaimer, I will advise against using prebuilt solutions like those synology NAS machines - You want complete control and that is better done with something like TrueNAS
1. Storage #
By nature of serving you files, you need some sort of storage solution that will include a redundant backup. You will probably need a lot of space.
Consider buying a few 4tb 3.5" 7200rpm drives for the machine. You can use them in a raid configuration that will provide redundancy and will keep your files in the case of a drive failure. They do happen.
You can also create cronjobs that run nightly (or as often as you like) that will back up the files and their changes to another drive.
Tools like rsync are great here.
2. Processing #
If you have a large video library, you want some processing power because there’s some transcoding that goes down.
“But what about the cloud?”
A basic tenant of this blog is taking personal responsibility, not only for yourself, but all that emanates from you - you data, your relationships, your business, what have you.
Do you really feel secure and safe when your data is floating all over the world? You have no idea what is actually going on with it, and there’s been Many breaches, misuses, and outright spying on your data.
Take personal responsibility. Keep your own files.
That being said, cloud services can be used as backup to your server, but I wouldn’t use the mainstream ones.
Consider something like Backblaze for this purpose.
You’ve been there before.
That article that you loved was removed, and you have no way of seeing it again. Or that Youtube video you referenced that helped you solve a problem got taken down because the song in it was copyrighted.
I’ve had it happen to me a thousand times. Entire websites I enjoyed reading, gone. Their creators wanting to do something else, or maybe the creator is no longer with us.
Today, I’m going to teach you how to save your favorite posts, videos, audio tracks, and more for your own offline viewing. If an article or video resonates with you, you should archive it to revisit it later. This has become my own standard practice.
The thing is that this also requires you to be organised, as well as responsible for your content. You need to save the files for yourself.
If you’re fine with that, let’s begin.
There’s a few resources that you can use absolutely free of charge. Let’s talk about saving a website:
Let’s say you come across an article you want to review in the future. Perhaps it’s a really good reciepe for a strudle that you just HAVE to keep in your /Recipes folder in your computer. (I don’t remember the last time I ate strudle, but let’s go with it.)
This will depend on what operating system you’re using. Windows, Mac, or Linux. Either way, you’re going to use the exact same tool: WGET
What is wget?
Wget is a downloader of files. Your favorite website is just a culmination of files. So, that means that you can download it. It is free and open source software that you can use from any commandline interface. I’ll briefly mention below how to download and install it on various OS’s.
Installing Wget on Windows:
Follow this guide below.
Installing Wget on Mac:
Homebrew is your best friend. Follow this guide
Installing Wget on Linux:
You probably already have it installed. If not, use your favorite package manager and get it on your machine.
Use of Wget
I have archived entire forums of information with this utility. My favorite site from a few years back, Bold & Determined shut it’s doors unexpectedly last year, and I used this utility to archive my favorite articles. This sort of thing happens all the time on the world wide web.
So, if you want to get down to archiving your favorite site - here’s how to do it.
Open up a terminal
You know how to do this now, if you followed the above guides.
Go to whatever folder you want the page stored
If, for example you want the receipe stored in your /Recipes folder, navigate there.
type in the following:
wget -O NAMEOF_ARTICLE_YOU_WANT.html https://site-you-are-downloading.com/great-reciepe
You’ll see the command line freeze for a second, and then you should have the article in your folder.
Simple as that, you have downloaded a site page you want to keep forever.
What About Youtube?
Youtube has a great application that was built for this exact same purpose.
Check this page out for your own info as to how use it. But I will just say that I use it on the regular for music I want to archive, guides to doing things that I want to look up, and much more.
How about Soundcloud?
With storage being so cheap nowadays (you can get a 10 TB External Drive for $180 USD), you really don’t have any reason to not have a backup of your favortie resourses that you can tap into at any time you desire.
Go forth and download the internet for yourself!
Until next time.